Macbeth
William Shakespeare

Symbolism Collage:

When I was deciding on symbols to use I wanted to focus on finding representations for characters, actions and tone. I used a few symbols to portray the witches, tarot cards being one of them. Tarot cards are used for divination, their purpose is to explore self understanding and create awareness to help an individual make decisions. I decided that since they are associated with witchcraft and have a purpose of divination that they would be an adequate symbol to represent the prophecy the witches give to Macbeth. Some other symbols that I used to associate with the witches were candles, Hecate and the obvious of the bunch being the witches holding hands. Hecate is a Greek goddess who is mentioned in the play as the main deity the witches worship, she is the goddess of witchcraft, magic, crossroads, the moon, and necromancy. Including her felt important to fill space efficiently and to represent the witches mindset and their practices. Candles are often used widely amongst witches and have many different purposes like manifestation, spell casting and divination. The use of the candles were to portray the witches connection to spirituality, an extra step was taken by making them red so they could fit subtly in with the idea that the witches are mysterious and deceitful. The image of witches holding hands was a tie to when they did so in the play, but it also shows the witches power in unity, intent and chant-like unified speech. Witches often hold hands during rituals in order to allow energy to flow through them, this act proves they are in ritual and implies the supernatural.

Some more obvious symbols I included were the crown and the dagger. The crown is a physical depiction of Macbeth's ambition to become king and his desire for power. At first the crown is a promise, something that will come to be but is just out of reach for that moment. The idea of becoming king leads Macbeth on and drives him to work harder for his position. Once he finally has it, it starts to become a reminder of the atrocities he committed to get there. The dagger is a very versatile symbol and can tie to many themes in the play, violence, insanity, fate or free will and ambition being strong connections. When the dagger appears as a vision in front of Macbeth, it shows his crazed mindset and fate guiding a person forwards despite the existence of autonomy in that situation. It also represents his ambition, just as the crown does, it shows just how far he is willing to go to get what he desires.

Other items that represent violence are the red hand, the blood and the anatomically correct heart. The blood is supposed to show how ambition can overtake, just as the blood seeps down the collage and the violent acts that Macbeth commits throughout the play. The red hand has a similar effect, as it is a tie to when Macbeth says his hands will never be clean in Act II, Scene VII and represents loss of innocence and how inhumanity dominates the mind. Violence can be accurately represented by the heart, as it can connect to physical bloodshed because life is marked complete once the heart has stopped beating.

Lastly I wanted to find symbols that represented insanity and mental chaos. These symbols were the dead branch, which hung off the right side of the page, the eyes and the ghostly looking figure. The easiest to understand and explain is the spirit, which represents the hallucination of Banquo Macbeth sees in Act III. In most cases people hallucinate when they are experiencing intense levels of grief of stress, just as Macbeth was. This shows Macbeth's descent into madness by providing a clear visual representation of his mental state. The eyes that overlooked the viewer were supposed to show the feeling of being watched, they depict paranoia, especially after the murder of Duncan and Macbeth feels as though he is going to be found out. The eyes that are looking away remind me of how a person looks when they are guilty of something, I wanted to use those eyes to show loss of innocence and righteousness. Dead branches show the existence of something once beautiful and stable, now withered and gone. Macbeth as a person starts out brave and honourable, he got the title Thane of Cawdore because of his own effort. He didn't have to cheat or lie to get that position, but later he turned to violence, causing his mental stability to decrease dramatically.